Age Specific Pre-Evaluation

What to Expect from 3- and 4-year old's

By Jennifer Salama, PHD in Child Psychology - SKILLZ HQ

Children between the ages of 3 and 4 are at a very unique growth period in their lives. They are growing at a rapid rate in all areas of development and are discovering new things daily, while also learning how to cope with new challenges. Additionally, they are in pursuit of autonomy, which can lead to behavioural issues that the adults in their lives often become frustrated with.

The problem comes in because most adults have unrealistic expectations of how 3- and 4-year old's should behave. This is mainly based on the assumption by the adult that this rapid development will progress in only a positive behavioural direction. The fact is, as with any growth, there will be new issues that present themselves and old issues that may still arise. In addition, children's behaviours are not consistent or predictable.

Gaining knowledge of age-appropriate behaviours for 3- and 4-year old's is essential to helping instil positive behaviours. At this age, because they are learning new things, 3- and 4-year old's may become more defiant as they see how far they can push limits. They may also become frustrated or anxious when trying new things because their motor skills are not as developed and their attempts at things may not go as planned. This can lead to behaviour problems such as tantrums and defiance.

To assist them in making better behaviour choices, it's important that adults are calm, clear, and consistent. In the heat of a tantrum, it is often very difficult to remain calm, but this is vital. It is also important to be clear in the rules that are set and maintain consistency with this daily. Giving choices also helps children become more autonomous which will lead to more confidence. Catch them being good and reward positive behaviours.

In the SKILLZ programme, our instructors are trained on how to reinforce proper development and behaviour with little or no disciplinary action. This positive learning atmosphere makes learning and growing fun. Self-esteem also plays an important role in how well 3- and 4-year old's learn and grow. Utilising edutainment and communicating clear rules and directions set the tone for each class. The instructors also connect with each student to make the environment warm and positive. And, as with any well-rounded children's programme, the teaching team of parent and instructor is of the upmost importance. Creating consistency between school and home, makes for an easier transition through this rapid growth period for 3- and 4-year old's.

Remember, growth is exciting, but the progress is often followed by some backtracking...that is just part of growing up. As Ross A. Thompson, Ph.D., a child-development researcher and professor of psychology at the University of California, Davis says, "The part of a child's brain that controls his impulses and emotions matures very, very slowly. It's easy to assume that kids are being uncooperative or obstinate when really they're just acting their age." Be patient and consistent and the behavioural changes that this age group experiences will go more smoothly.